On the island of Bali, Indonesia, at a glance review and a brief history of the island, beginning Bali as a tourist destination and become one of the world's best.
Bali Island
Bali is a province of the Republic of Indonesia, located between the islands of Java and Lombok islands, the island is also known as BALI ISLAND, THOUSAND ISLAND BALI PURA and DWIPA. Bali also has several small islands that are included in the province of Bali, including the island of Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan island, Pulau Ceningan, Serangan island, and the island of Menjangan.
The capital of the province of Bali is Denpasar located in the south of the island of Bali, Bali is very popular throughout Indonesia and even in the whole world as a regional or world tourism destination with unique art and culture, which is accompanied by the natural landscape and the beautiful sea.
Island of the Gods is a very good place for a family getaway or for honeymooners equipped with world-level facilities or accommodation (world class), and also Bali has many famous tourist attraction in the world of interest to visit.
History of Bali
Bali has been inhabited by Austronesian peoples around 2000 BC migratory and came from Taiwan through Maritime Southeast Asia. Culture and language of the Bali so closely related to those of the islands of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Oceania. Stone tools originating from that time have been found near the village of Cekik west of the island of Bali.
In the time of ancient Bali, there are nine Hindu sects that Pasupata, Bhairawa, Shidanta Shiva, Vaishnava, Bodha, Brahma, sage, Sora and ganapatya. Each sect honor of a particular god as a personal Deity. Balinese culture is strongly influenced by the culture of India, China, and in particular the Hindu, began around the 1st century AD. Name Bali Dwipa ( "island") have been discovered from various inscriptions, including Blanjong pillar inscription written by Sri Kesari Warmadewa in 914 AD which mentions "Walidwipa".
At that time the complex Subak irrigation system has been developed to grow rice. Some religious and cultural traditions still exist today and can be traced back at that time. Hindu Majapahit kingdom (1293-1520 AD) in East Java founded a colony in Bali in 1343. When heyday has come down, there is a mass exodus of intellectuals, artists, priests and musicians from Java to Bali in the 15th century.
Contacts of the first European nations to Bali estimated to have occurred in 1585, when a Portuguese ship ran aground off the Bukit Peninsula and left a few Portuguese in the service of the Supreme Deity.
In 1597 the Dutch explorer who named Cornelis de Houtman arrived in Bali and with the formation of Dutch East India Company in 1602, a place set up to control the colonial and two and a half centuries later, when the control of the Dutch expanded throughout Indonesia, political and economic control Netherlands on Bali began in the 1840s on the northern coast of the island of Bali, when the Dutch play off between the kingdoms in Bali so as not to believe in each other and in the late 1890s, struggles between Balinese kingdoms in the south of the island was used by Dutch to increase their control.
Dutch to attack naval and ground massively in Sanur in 1906 and met with thousands of members of the royal family and their followers who fought against the Dutch troops to attack the defensive suicide (bellows) conducted by members of the royal family and thousands of their followers rather than face the humiliation surrender of the Netherlands.
More than 1,000 people died when the Balinese against the invaders. In the Dutch intervention in Bali in 1908, a similar massacre occurred in the face of Dutch attacks in Klungkung. Afterwards the Dutch governors were able to do administrative control over the island, but local control over religion and culture generally remained intact.
In the 1930s, anthropologist Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson, and artist Miguel Covarrubias and Walter Spies, and musicologist Colin McPhee creating the image of the west of Bali as a "land of enchanted peace with themselves and nature", and western tourism first developed on the island of Bali at the time.
Imperial Japan occupied Bali during World War II. Bali Island was originally not a target in the Dutch East Indies Campaign them, but because the airfield in Borneo are not operating due to heavy rains the Imperial Japanese Army decided to occupy Bali, which has no comparable weather such as Kalimantan.
Bali at that time did not have an army of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (KNIL), only Native Prajoda Auxiliary Corps (Corps Prajoda), which consists of about 600 soldiers and some officers genuine Dutch Colonial Army under the command of Lt. Col. KNIL WP Roodenburg. On February 19, 1942 Japanese troops landed near Sanur.
Bali island quickly captured by the Japanese during the Japanese occupation army officer Bali, I Gusti Ngurah Rai, Bali formed a 'free army'. Lack of institutional changes of the time the Dutch government and the rigors of war requisitions made government of Japan a little better than the Netherlands. After the Japanese surrender in the Pacific in August 1945, the Dutch returned to Indonesia, including Bali and immediately want to restore their colonial administration before the war.
This was opposed by the rebels Bali at that time already used weapons of Japan. On November 20, 1946, fought in Tabanan in central Bali Marga. Colonel I Gusti Ngurah Rai, then aged 29 years, finally took his army to Marga Rana, where they make suicide attacks on the Dutch armed. Bali battalion troops completely deleted by the Netherlands, crush the last resistance of the military resistance Bali.
In 1946 the Dutch made Bali as one of the 13 administrative regions of the state was proclaimed by Eastern Indonesia, opponents of the Republic of Indonesia which was proclaimed and headed by Sukarno and Hatta. Bali entered in the "Republic of Indonesia" when the Netherlands recognized Indonesian independence on December 29, 1949.
Geographic Location Bali
The island of Bali is located approximately 3.2 km east of the island of Java and about 8 degrees south of the equator. The island of Bali and Java, separated by the Strait of Bali. From east to west has a length of about 153 km and has a width from north to south about 112 km, the total area of the island is 5,632 km².
Mountains in the central part of the island has several peaks with an elevation of over 3,000 meters above sea level. The highest peak is Mount Agung (3142 meters), which is known as the "mother mountain" which is a volcano that has been dormant.
Bali volcanic nature has contributed to the exceptional fertility and high mountains that provide high rainfall that supports highly productive agricultural sector. In the south area of the mountains is a vast area, from the slopes of the mountains the way down to the beach area where most of the rice plants grow and grow big in Bali.
On the north side of the mountain slopes have a steeper area to the sea and is the main coffee-producing areas in Bali and also vegetables or livestock. The longest river in Bali is the Ayung River, flowing into the sea about 75 km.
Island resort is surrounded by the sea that there are many coral reefs. Beaches in the south tend to have white sand while the north and west have black sand. Bali has no major waterways, although the Ho river crossed by boat with a dinghy.
Turkish air-black sand between the beach and the beach Klatingdukuh Pasut being developed by the government of Bali for tourism, but apart from the temple in mainland coast, beaches of black sand other air has not been used for tourism significantly.
The largest city in Bali and is a provincial capital of Bali is Denpasar, close to the south coast. Its population is about 491 500 inhabitants (2002). The second largest city in Bali is the old colonial capital that is Singaraja, located on the north coast and has a population of about 100,000 people.
City / Other important areas included are beach resorts of Kuta, which is practically part of the urban area of Denpasar and Ubud, located to the north of Denpasar which is the cultural center of Bali.
Three small islands located in the southeast is administratively part of Klungkung is the island of Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan islands and islets Ceningan. The islands are separated from the island of Bali by the Badung Strait.
In the east there is the Lombok Strait separates Bali from Lombok and marks the biogeographical division between the fauna and flora of the ecozone Indomalayan distinctly different from Australasia. This transition is known as the Wallace Line (Wallace Line), which is taken from the name of Alfred Russel Wallace who first proposed the transition zone between these two major biomes. When sea levels dropped during the Pleistocene ice age, Bali is connected to Java and Sumatra and mainland Asia and the share of Asian fauna, but the deep waters of the Lombok Strait continued to keep Lombok and Sunda Nusantara region of lower isolated.
Part Territory
Bali province is divided into eight districts and one municipality, namely :
| Title | BALI : A Brief History About island |
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| Reviewer | c cd |
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